سكيمات عملي العضويه السكشن الاول (لتكمله الكتاب )

[ameer]

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Scheme Of Methanol
CH3OH

Physical Characters :-
1. Condition → Liquid , Mobile
2. Color → Colorless
3. Odor → Alcoholic Odor
4. Miscibility : - H2O → Miscible with H2O
- Litmus Paper → No Change Comment : Neutral compound
- Anhydrous CuSO4 → no Change Comment : true liquid
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general reactions :-
1. Dry Heat :-
- Change in appearance → Boil , Evaporate
- Degree Of Inflammability → Inflammable , Non-Smoky So it maybe : Lower aliphatic comp.
- Nitration Test → Not applied
- Odor produced → No change - Residual Ash → Absent Comment : Non me tallic comp.

2. Action Of Sodalime →
-on cold Not applied
-on hot Not applied
3. Action Of 30% NaOH →
-on cold :No Characteristic Observation
-on hot :No Characteristic Observation
4. Action Of Na2CO3 → No effervescence. Comment : Not strong acidic compound
5. Action Of FeCl3 → No Characteristic Observation
6. Action Of C.H2SO4 → No Characteristic Observation
7. Element test : X absent S absent N absent
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special test

1- Esterification:-- sample + Salicylic acid + C.H2SO4 → Boil in Water bath → pour into Na2CO3 solution. → oil of winter green

2-oxidation

a) in acid medium
1 ml methanol. + 1 ml K2Cr2O7+ 3 drops of conc. H2SO4. Boil the mixture, color will change from orange to the blue green


b) in alkaline medium
1 ml methanol+3 ml KMnO4 .+0.3 g of Na2CO3 solid. Boil for 2 minute, a brown ppt.of MnO2 is formed.
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3- Partial Oxidation:-- heat cupper wire till red hot → dip it in sample severally ( 8 to 10 times ) → pungent odor → add few crystals of Salicylic acid + Conc.H2SO4 at the wall of the test tube ( without shaking ) → Crimson red color
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4- Iodoform test :-- sample + 10%NaOH + iodine solution ( drop by drop ) → Shake till persistent yellow color → warm in Water bath →no yellow crystals will be formed

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[ameer]

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Scheme Of Ethanol
CH3 CH2OH

Physical Characters :-
1. Condition → Liquid , Mobile
2. Color → Colorless
3. Odor → Alcoholic Odor
4. Miscibility : - H2O → Miscible with H2O
- Litmus Paper → No Change Comment : Neutral compound
- Anhydrous CuSO4 → Change from white to blue Comment : Aqueous solution
. general reaction
1. Dry Heat : www.pharma-board.com
- Change in appearance → Boil , Evaporate
- Degree Of Inflammability → Inflammable , Non-Smoky So it maybe : Lower aliphatic comp.
- Nitration Test → Not applied
- Odor produced → No change
- Residual Ash → Absent Comment : Non me tallic comp.
2. Action Of Sodalime →
-on cold Not applied
-on hot Not applied
3. Action Of 30% NaOH →
-on cold :No Characteristic Observation
-on hot :No Characteristic Observation
4. Action Of Na2CO3 → No effervescence Comment : Not strong acidic comp.
5. Action Of FeCl3 → No Characteristic Observation
6. Action Of C.H2SO4 → No Characteristic Observation

7. Element test : X absent N absent S absent

Special Tests :-
Esterification:-
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- sample + glacial acetic acid( equal amount ) + C.H2SO4 → Boil in W.B → pour into Na2CO3 solution → apple like odor
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2-oxidation

a) in acid medium
1 ml ethanol. + 1 ml K2Cr2O7+ 3 drops of conc. H2SO4. Boil the mixture, color will change from orange to the blue green


b) in alkaline medium
1 ml ethanol+3 ml KMnO4 .+0.3 g of Na2CO3 solid. Boil for 2 minute, a brown ppt.of MnO2 is formed

3- Iodoform test :-
- sample + 10%NaOH + iodine soln. ( drop by drop ) → Shake till persistent yellow color → warm in W.B → formation of yellowish crystals of iodoform

4- Partial oxidation:-
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- heat cupper wire till red hot → dip it in sample severally ( 8 to 10 times ) → pungent odor → add Schiff's reagent → Magenta red color
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[ameer]

Scheme Of Glycerol
Ch2-OH
Ch-OH
Ch2-OH

Physical Characters :-
1. Condition → Liquid , Viscous
2. Color → Colorless
3. Odor → Odorless
4. Miscibility : - H2O → Miscible with H2O
- Litmus Paper → No Change Comment : Neutral compound
- Anhydrous CuSO4 → No Change Comment : True liquid
* General Reactions :-
1. Dry Heat :
- Change in appearance → Boil , Evaporate
- Degree Of Inflammability → Inflammable , Non-Smoky So it maybe : Lower aliphatic comp. ound
- Nitration Test → Not applied
- Odor produced → No change
- Residual Ash → Absent Comment : Non me tallic compound
2. Action Of Sodalime →
-on cold Not applied
-on hot Not applied
3. Action Of 30% NaOH →
-on cold :No Characteristic Observation
-on hot :No Characteristic Observation
4. Action Of Na2CO3 → No effervescence Comment : Not strong acidic comp.
5. Action Of FeCl3 → No Ch. Observation
6. Action Of C.H2SO4 → On Hot → blacking + acrolin bad odor Comment : maybe Glycerol
7. Element test : X absent N absent S absent

* Special Tests :-
1- Borax test :-
- Borax + H2O → add Ph. Ph. → pink color → add sample → the color will disappear and on heating it will reappear and in cooling it will disappear .
2- Oxidation:-
- sample + K2Cr2O7 solution + 3 drops of C.H2SO4 → Transfer 1 ml. of the oxidation product. to a test tube and add 2 ml of conc. H2SO4, CO2and CO are produced , giving effervescence

[ameer]

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Scheme Of n-Butanol
C4H9OH

Physical Characters :-
1. Condition → Liquid , Mobile
2. Color → Colorless
3. Odor → Alcoholic Odor
4. Miscibility :
- H2O → IMMiscible lighter than water - miscible in xss water
- Litmus Paper → Comment :
- Anhydrous CuSO4 → Comment :
-NaHCO3:
-dilHCL
-concH2SO4


general reactions :-
1. Dry Heat :-
- Change in appearance → Boil , Evaporate
- Degree Of Inflammability → Inflammable , Non-Smoky So it maybe : Lower aliphatic compound
- Nitration Test → Not applied
- Odor produced → No change - Residual Ash → Absent Comment : Non me tallic compound
2. Action Of Sodalime →
-on cold Not applied
-on hot Not applied
3. Action Of 30% NaOH →
-on cold :No Characteristic Observation
-on hot :No Characteristic Observation
4. Action Of Na2CO3 → No effervescence. Comment : Not strong acidic compound
5. Action Of FeCl3 → No Characteristic Observation
6. Action Of C.H2SO4 → gives yellow red color comment : may be n-Butanol
7. Element test : X absent S absent N absent

* Special Tests :-

1- Oxidation

- sample + K2Cr2O7 soln. + 3 drops of C.H2SO4 → heat on W.B → pleasant sweat odor
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Scheme Of benzyl alcohol

Physical Characters :-
1. Condition → Liquid , Mobile
2. Color → Colorless
3. Odor → Alcoholic Odor
4. Miscibility :
4. Miscibility :
- H2O → IMMiscible
- Litmus Paper → Comment :
- Anhydrous CuSO4 → Comment :
-NaHCO3:IMMiscible
-dilHCLIMMiscible
-concH2SO4IMMiscible
general reactions :-
1. Dry Heat :-
- Change in appearance → Boil , Evaporate
- Degree Of Inflammability → Inflammable , Smoky So it maybe : may be aromatic compound or highly unsaturated aliphatic compound
- Nitration Test → sample +conc H2SO4 +conc HNO3 → yellow oily solution with bitter almond odor Comment :-aromatic compound

- Odor produced → No change - Residual Ash → Absent Comment : Non me tallic compound
2. Action Of Sodalime →
-on cold Not applied
-on hot Not applied
3. Action Of 30% NaOH →
-on cold :No Characteristic Observation
-on hot :No Characteristic Observation
4. Action Of Na2CO3 → No effervescence. Comment : Not strong acidic compound
5. Action Of FeCl3 → No Characteristic Observation
6. Action Of C.H2SO4 → gives greenish white gelatinous polymer comment : may be benzyl alcohol
7. Element test : X absent S absent N absent

Special Tests :-
1- Esterification:-- sample + benzoic acid + Conc.H2SO4 → Boil in Water bath → pour into Na2CO3 solution. → fragrant odor

2- Oxidation

0.5ml benzyl alcohol+4 ml KMnO4 .+0.3 g of Na2CO3 solid. Boil for 2 minute, a brown ppt.of MnO2 is formed.

3- Partial Oxidation:-
2 ml benzyl alcohol+2 ml dil HNO3 → heat gently →bitter almond odor

4-lucas test:
benzyl alcohol + lucas reagent → cloudiness and two phases seoaration of the solution
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[smsm17]

شكرا جزيلا لحضرتك يا دكتور
بجد ما كنتش عارفة هاعمل فيهم ايه
ربنا يوفقك و يوفقنا كلنا السنة دى يا رب

[دعاء الشرقاوى]

شكرا لحضرتك يا دكتور,,بس هيه دى كل الاسكيمات اللى اخدتوها ولا لسه فاضل حاجة؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟

[ameer]

شكرا لحضرتك يا دكتور,,بس هيه دى كل الاسكيمات اللى اخدتوها ولا لسه فاضل حاجة؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟

فاضل واحده بس لسه بكتبها

[Messi]

هو ده الشغل يا معلم

[ameer]

شكرا لحضرتك يا دكتور,,بس هيه دى كل الاسكيمات اللى اخدتوها ولا لسه فاضل حاجة؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟

السكيمه الاخيره ضفتها فوق كده بقي 5 سكيمات كاملين هم اللي هينزلوا في السكشن

[dr\h elfe2e]

شكرا جزيلا د\امير.ربنا يوفقك وتفضل كده على طول