سكيمات عملي العضويه السكشن الاول (لتكمله الكتاب )
Scheme Of Methanol
CH3OH
Physical Characters :-
1. Condition → Liquid , Mobile
2. Color → Colorless
3. Odor → Alcoholic Odor
4. Miscibility : - H2O → Miscible with H2O
- Litmus Paper → No Change Comment : Neutral compound
- Anhydrous CuSO4 → no Change Comment : true liquid
general reactions :-
1. Dry Heat :-
- Change in appearance → Boil , Evaporate
- Degree Of Inflammability → Inflammable , Non-Smoky So it maybe : Lower aliphatic comp.
- Nitration Test → Not applied
- Odor produced → No change - Residual Ash → Absent Comment : Non me tallic comp.
2. Action Of Sodalime →
-on cold Not applied
-on hot Not applied
3. Action Of 30% NaOH →
-on cold :No Characteristic Observation
-on hot :No Characteristic Observation
4. Action Of Na2CO3 → No effervescence. Comment : Not strong acidic compound
5. Action Of FeCl3 → No Characteristic Observation
6. Action Of C.H2SO4 → No Characteristic Observation
7. Element test : X absent S absent N absent
special test
1- Esterification:-- sample + Salicylic acid + C.H2SO4 → Boil in Water bath → pour into Na2CO3 solution. → oil of winter green
2-oxidation
a) in acid medium
1 ml methanol. + 1 ml K2Cr2O7+ 3 drops of conc. H2SO4. Boil the mixture, color will change from orange to the blue green
b) in alkaline medium
1 ml methanol+3 ml KMnO4 .+0.3 g of Na2CO3 solid. Boil for 2 minute, a brown ppt.of MnO2 is formed.
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3- Partial Oxidation:-- heat cupper wire till red hot → dip it in sample severally ( 8 to 10 times ) → pungent odor → add few crystals of Salicylic acid + Conc.H2SO4 at the wall of the test tube ( without shaking ) → Crimson red color
4- Iodoform test :-- sample + 10%NaOH + iodine solution ( drop by drop ) → Shake till persistent yellow color → warm in Water bath →no yellow crystals will be formed
Scheme Of Ethanol
CH3 CH2OH
Physical Characters :-
1. Condition → Liquid , Mobile
2. Color → Colorless
3. Odor → Alcoholic Odor
4. Miscibility : - H2O → Miscible with H2O
- Litmus Paper → No Change Comment : Neutral compound
- Anhydrous CuSO4 → Change from white to blue Comment : Aqueous solution
. general reaction
1. Dry Heat :
- Change in appearance → Boil , Evaporate
- Degree Of Inflammability → Inflammable , Non-Smoky So it maybe : Lower aliphatic comp.
- Nitration Test → Not applied
- Odor produced → No change
- Residual Ash → Absent Comment : Non me tallic comp.
2. Action Of Sodalime →
-on cold Not applied
-on hot Not applied
3. Action Of 30% NaOH →
-on cold :No Characteristic Observation
-on hot :No Characteristic Observation
4. Action Of Na2CO3 → No effervescence Comment : Not strong acidic comp.
5. Action Of FeCl3 → No Characteristic Observation
6. Action Of C.H2SO4 → No Characteristic Observation
7. Element test : X absent N absent S absent
Special Tests :-
Esterification:-
- sample + glacial acetic acid( equal amount ) + C.H2SO4 → Boil in W.B → pour into Na2CO3 solution → apple like odor
2-oxidation
a) in acid medium
1 ml ethanol. + 1 ml K2Cr2O7+ 3 drops of conc. H2SO4. Boil the mixture, color will change from orange to the blue green
b) in alkaline medium
1 ml ethanol+3 ml KMnO4 .+0.3 g of Na2CO3 solid. Boil for 2 minute, a brown ppt.of MnO2 is formed
3- Iodoform test :-
- sample + 10%NaOH + iodine soln. ( drop by drop ) → Shake till persistent yellow color → warm in W.B → formation of yellowish crystals of iodoform
4- Partial oxidation:-
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- heat cupper wire till red hot → dip it in sample severally ( 8 to 10 times ) → pungent odor → add Schiff's reagent → Magenta red color
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