دي بعض الاسكيمات بتاعه السكشن التالت لكن بما اننا لسه مخدناش السكشن فممكن يكون فيها اخطاء كتره انا عملتها بس علشان اللي عليه بكره وعايز يبقي متابع في السكشن
فاللي هينقلها ينقلها في ورق خارجي ويراجعها في السكشن او ينقلها في الكتاب بس بقلم رصاص علشان يقدر يعدل براحته
Scheme Of glucose
Physical Characters :-
1. Condition → solid ,crystalline,microcrystalline
2. Color → white
3. Odor → odorless
4. Miscibility :
- H2O → soluble
- Litmus Paper → no change Comment : neutral compound
- Anhydrous CuSO4 → Comment :
General Reactions :-
1. Dry Heat :
- Change in appearance → melt,boil, swelling ,charring
- Degree Of Inflammability → inflammable , Non-Smoky So it maybe : Lower aliphatic comp.
- Nitration Test → Not applied
- Odor produced → burnt sugar odor comment:- May be carbohydrates or hydroxy aliphatic acid or its salt
- Residual Ash → present +conc HCl → no eff. Comment : Non me tallic comp.
2. Action Of Sodalime →
-on cold No Characteristic Observation
-on hot burnt sugar odor Comment :-It may be carbohydrate or hydroxy aliphatic acid
3. Action Of 30% NaOH →
-on cold :No Characteristic Observation
-on hot :brown solution +carmel odor ((carmelization))Comment :-May be carbohydrate except starch and sucrose
4. Action Of NaHCO3 → No effervescence Comment : Not strong acidic compound
5. Action Of FeCl3 → No Characteristic Observation
6. Action Of C.H2SO4 → Charring + effervescence on hot comment :It may be carbohydrate or tartaric acid or its salt
7. Element test : X ( absent ) N( absent ) S( absent )
Special Tests :-
1-molish's test:-sample solution +alcoholic alpha napthol shake well then add coc H2SO4 on the wall of tube withOUT shacking →aviolet ring
2-Reduction:-
a)reduction of ammonical silver nitrate:- 3 ml of silver nitrate solution + few drops of dil. NaOH solution + Add dil. ammonia solution drop by drop until the formed ppt. of silver oxide is almost redissolved. → add few drops of the sample →heat on a water bath → A silver mirror or black ppt. is formed
b)Fehling test:-- Reagent : Fehling A + Fehling B ( equal amounts ) → deep blue color
- sample + drops of Fehling solution → boil in W.B → green solution turns to red ppt
c)benedict's test
cupper sulphite +sodium bicarbonate +citrate +sample →change the blue color
d)barfoid's test
cupper acetate +acetic acid →het in water bath →change from blue to red ppt
3-osazon
sample solution +phenyl hydrazine +sodium acetate +drops of glacial acetic acid →heat in water bath →yellow crystals after 10 to 15 minutes
4- rapid furfural test
sample solution +alcoholic alpha napthol shake well then add coc HCl →aviolet color after one minute of boiling
5-slwanof's test
sample(solid)+resorcinol +conc HCl→heat in water bath →light or no red color
6-pinoff's test
sample solution +ammonium molbdate +acetic acid →heat in water bath → light or no blue color